RCFSF

Soil, Plant Tissue & Water Analysis

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Soil, Plant Tissue and Water Analysis

Soil, plant tissue and water analysis testing have proven critical in improving agricultural production and yields for smallholder farmers. It allows farmers to determine their soil's nutrient levels and composition. This information is crucial for understanding what amendments, such as fertilizers, water quality or lime, are needed to optimize soil health and crop growth. It has been shown that soil and water testing can significantly increase crop yields for smallholder farmers. By identifying nutrient deficiencies or imbalances, farmers can apply the right type and amount of fertilizers and use suitable water to address these issues, leading to healthier, more productive soils and higher yields. It also empowers farmers to make more informed decisions about what crops to grow in a given area based on the soil's suitability. This can further boost productivity and profitability. However, many smallholder farmers lack access to soil, plant tissue, and water testing services due to the high cost or are unaware of its benefits. Hence, we endeavour to increase awareness and availability of affordable soil testing to help smallholder farmers improve their soil management and agricultural productivity.

Soil fertility

Available soil fertility test packages:

  • Basic soil's fertility package:
  • pH.
  • Neutralizable acidity.
  • Phosphorus.
  • Potassium.
General soil's fertility analysis package:
  • pH.
  • Neutralizable acidity.
  • Phosphorus.
  • Potassium.
  • Calcium.
  • Magnesium.
  • Organic matter.
  • Cation exchange capacity.
Total soil's fertility analysis package:
  • General soil's fertility analysis package plus:
  • Available additional tests.
  • Micronutrients (Zinc, iron, copper and manganese).
  • Sulfur (Especially for sandy soils).
  • Electrical conductivity (Soils with salt problems, e.g., salt or fertilizer spills, heavy applications of manure, irrigating with alkaline water can lead to salt problems).

Plant analysis

We inform soil fertility management and protect yields with plant tissue and leaf testing analysis. "A nutrient is not considered essential unless (a) a deficiency of it makes it impossible for the plant to complete its life cycle; (b) such deficiency is specific to the nutrient in question and can be prevented or corrected only by supplying this nutrient; (c) the nutrient is directly involved in the nutrition of the plant quite apart from possible effects in correcting some unfavourable microbial or chemical condition of the soil or other culture medium." D. I. Arnon and P. R. Stout (1939)

Plants of interest:

  • 1. Citrus
  • 2. Avocado
  • 3. Apples
Parameters we measure:
  • Kjeldahl Nitrogen and Phosphorous
  • Dry Ashing Procedure for Plant Materials
  • Total K, Na, Ca and Mg
  • Micronutrient Analysis
  • Boron
  • Extractable Nitrates
  • Extractable Chloride
  • Total Sulfur
We use validated sufficiency ranges to make recommendations. Get in touch with us for specific instructions on how to take a plant sample. • Complete the sample information form and submit it along with the sample. This is essential for the lab to interpret the results and make recommendations properly.

Compost

Compost, a partially decomposed organic matter, varies based on raw materials, decomposition degree, moisture, nutrients, salt, acidity, and contaminants. Quality measures like carbon/nitrogen ratio, smell, and particle size indicate composting effectiveness. Large particle sizes indicate incomplete decomposition, foul odours indicate wet or tight piles and finished compost is dark brown and crumbly. Parameters we measure:

  • pH
  • EC (electrical conductivity)
  • Nutrient concentration: Percent of N-P-K; Ca, Mg, ppm of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu
  • Moisture content
  • Organic matter content
  • Carbon/Nitrogen (C: N) ratio

Manure

Manure can significantly improve soil fertility and crop yields when appropriately applied. Key benefits of manure application include improved soil chemical properties, enhanced soil physical properties and improved soil biological activity. Hence, manure is a superior fertilizer compared to synthetic fertilizers. Proper manure application rates should be based on soil tests, crop nutrient removal, and nutrient content. Manure measurement packages:

  • Complete manure analysis package: N, P, K, NH4-N, pH, EC and moisture percentage
  • Total nutrients: N, P, K and moisture percentage
  • Total nutrients and ammonium-N: N, P, K, NH4-N and moisture percentage
  • Total nutrients and micros: N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and moisture percentage
  • pH (saturation paste method)
  • Electrical conductivity (EC — saturation paste method)
  • Total Kjeldhal nitrogen
  • Ammonium-N
  • Individual element analysis: P K Ca Mg Na
  • Moisture percentage

Water analysis

Irrigation water analysis is crucial for ensuring the quality of water used in crop production. It helps assess the chemical composition of water, which can directly affect soil health and crop productivity. Water analyses

  • pH
  • Nitrate-N and/or nitrite-N
  • Ammonium-N
  • Chlorides
  • Sulfur-sulfate
  • Phosphates (ortho)
  • Total N
  • Total P
  • Total Solids (TS)
  • Total Suspended Solids
  • Total Dissolved Soils
  • Carbonates and Bicarbonates
  • Hardness
  • Electrical conductivity
  • Calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium
  • Micro-nutrients (zinc, iron, copper, and manganese)